Background and Goals
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report published in March 2022 illustrates that climate change is advancing and the 1.5-degree target is receding into the distance. Associated consequences, such as increased average temperatures and extreme events, are accumulating and pose numerous, interdependent risks. It is emerging that global climate change is intensifying, causing multiple change requirements for society, politics and businesses. In the strongly industrialized Bavarian region of Main-Franconia, average warming rates are already higher than the national average. These environmental impacts are also linked to the requirement to assume responsibility and to design processes in a way that reconciles economic efficiency and prosperity. The project MainKlimaPLUS addresses these challenges and conceptualizes educational offers to sensitize organizations regarding their responsibility function and to support them in deriving measures for climate mitigation and adaptation for their company. A comprehensive regional study illustrates, besides the explanation of relevant basic terms, to what extent companies are already implementing adaptation measures according to different dimensions (e.g. sector, scope, anticipatory/reactive). The database consists a quantitative survey of companies in Main-Franconia (n = 288). A teaser video published on YouTube and a card game (MainWarmUP) introduce the interactions and basic concepts in an appropriate way to the target group. Based on the business game MainKassandra, companies are able to simulate different climatic impacts and evaluate adaptation strategies in terms of their effectiveness and reciprocal effects. The aim is to strike a balance between economic and ecological requirements. The didactic approach of game-based learning (GBL) used in the project offers greater chances of success than classical educational formats in conveying the content and relevance in a practical manner, given the complex of topics, the sensitization and change of thought patterns.
Content time
sinceResearch area/region
- Germany
- Nationwide
- Bavaria
Steps in the process of adaptation to climate change
Step 1: Understand and describe climate change
With the educational offers, actors of handicraft enterprises, SMEs as well as large corporations should internalize basic concepts, context and interrelations of climate change, especially with regard to climate adaptation, and make relevant decisions and experience their effects by means of GBL in a safe environment. The didactic approach is based on Bloom's taxonomy. The goal is to improve the current knowledge base to provide opportunities for action and strategies for climate adaptation (knowledge). This knowledge should increase motivation (sensitization) to transfer acquired knowledge into professional practice and to implement it individually (empowerment). Actors should reflect their experiences in the game, transfer them to their daily work and then derive their own, custom-made adaptation concepts within their organizations. In particular, the simulation game enables actors to simulate direct and indirect impacts of climate change in a protected environment and to develop targeted adaptation strategies already within the teams. This kind of active learning promotes awareness of action and the application of knowledge. In concrete terms, the proposed project contributes to the design of adaptation measures to the extent that the provision of low-threshold information through the regional study will bring the issue of climate protection and adaptation into the focus of entrepreneurial, sustainable action. The accompanying video is widely distributed and reaches a large audience via social media channels.The simulation is planned as a narrative approach with strategy paths so that companies can select specific adaptation strategies and learn to assess their potential for climate mitigation and adaptation.
Step 3: Develop and compare measures
Due to expanding supply chains, Main-Franconian companies and handicraft companies are highly dependent on their globally distributed suppliers. This makes the supply chain vulnerable to external disruptions that are triggered, among other things, by climate change. At the same time, warming rates in the Bavarian region are currently significantly higher than the national average. Accordingly, the development of strategic climate adaptation measures is essential to anticipate and minimize company-specific climate change risks. Climate adaptation is one of the greatest challenges of the present in many municipal, economic and social sectors. The regional study therefore intends to delineate the circumstances and interactions of global climate change, the impacts in the Bavarian region of Main-Franconia, and the emerging needs for change for societal, political, and economic actors. A comprehensive basic theoretical overview first serves to classify important starting points from a political perspective and presents offers for economic actors. Furthermore, the economic characteristics are differentiated according to handicraft companies and companies, and their role for growth and innovation in the region, as well as in relation to climate change and the necessary adaptation are shown. The results of a qualitative (n=13) and quantitative survey (n=288) illustrate that in addition to economic efficiency and physical resources, human factors contribute to increasing organizational climate resilience. For example, in order for economic organizations to adequately deal with climate change, managers are required to develop a systemic approach with comprehensive measures for climate mitigation and adaptation, and to test their effectiveness and integrate them holistically. The regional study highlights that, in addition to climate mitigation, the reduction of climate-damaging greenhouse gas emissions, climate adaptation is an essential aspect for maintaining and even increasing economic efficiency by perceiving the changing requirements as development opportunities.
Step 4: Plan and implement measures
The simulation game promotes active learning by initiating real challenges and working on them interactively. The players take on fictitious roles, act out climate scenarios and compile measures via strategy paths that have an impact on fictitious companies. The rather incidental learning processes prove to be more intensive due to motivational and emotional factors in the game. Thus, in addition to the concrete technical content, the players also strengthen competencies like communication, negotiation and problem-solving skills. The business game provides realistic scenarios (e.g. heavy rainfall, political targets) within a playful context, which may have an impact on the daily business life of a company nowadays. As a result, it can stimulate and support game players to develop practical solutions to the challenges of climate adaptation in their company. Further, the game can be used to foster an understanding of the complexity of climate change and possible (innovative) solutions across organizations.
Especially in the case of the business game, the applicability to other functional areas or topics of social relevance is high. In addition to economic actors, educational institutions such as schools, universities, training centers, etc. also have a responsibility to implement the guiding principles of education for sustainable development and to provide specific offerings that encourage social actors to act sustainably and promote climate-sensitive mindsets. Hence, the business game can be adapted to enable and sensitize pupils and students to develop their own climate mitigation and adaptation strategies. In view of raising subject awareness and changes in patterns of thinking, the GBL approach offers higher chances of success in conveying the content and relevance in a sustainable and practical way.
Participants
The MainKlimaPLUS project at the Technical University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt (THWS) is funded by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Nuclear Safety and Consumer Protection (BMUV). With the DAS program (Promotion of Measures for Climate Adaptation), the BMUV promotes innovative projects with the aim of changing people's awareness of the effects and requirements of climate change. In funding program 2, participants are expected to develop effective communication and education concepts with a "multiplier effect" to enable target groups to derive climate adaptation measures and to integrate these needs into their strategies continuously.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jan Schmitt (jan [dot] schmitt [at] thws [dot] de)
IG Metall Schweinfurt (IGM), the Chamber of Industry and Commerce (IHK) Würzburg Schweinfurt and the Chamber of Handicrafts for Lower Franconia (HWK) are associated partners of the project, without financial contribution.
Prof. Dr. Jan Schmitt is the project manager. He is responsible for the methodological support and coordination of the entire project. The research assistant Sophie Fischer (M.A.) is conducting the project in full-time employment.
Prof. Dr.-Ing Jan Schmitt
+49 9721 940-8594
jan [dot] schmitt [at] thws [dot] de
Ignaz-Schön-Straße 11
97421 Schweinfurt